6. Замечания для конкретных архитектур
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This section provides notes that are specific to the supported hardware architectures of Fedora.
6.1. RPM multiarch support on 64-bit platforms (x86_64, ppc64)
RPM supports parallel installation of
multiple architectures of the same package. A default package
listing such as rpm -qa might appear to include
duplicate packages, since the architecture is not displayed.
Instead, use the repoquery command, part of the
yum-utils package, which displays architecture
by default. To install yum-utils , run the
following command:
su -c "yum install yum-utils"
Для вывода списка всех пакетов с их архитектурами, используя rpm, выполните команду:
rpm -qa --queryformat "%{name}-%{version}-%{release}.%{arch}\n"
Вы можете включить ее в /etc/rpm/macros (для общесистемной настройки) или в ~/.rpmmacros (для конкретного пользователя. Она меняет запрос по умолчанию с тем, чтобы показывать архитектуру:
%_query_all_fmt %%{name}-%%{version}-%%{release}.%%{arch}
6.2. Особенности PPC в Fedora
This section covers specific information about Fedora and the PPC hardware platform.
6.2.1. Hardware Requirements for PPC
6.2.1.1. Processor and memory
Minimum CPU: PowerPC G3 / POWER3.
Fedora 9 supports only the "New World" generation of Apple Power Macintosh, shipped from circa 1999 onward.
Fedora 9 also supports IBM pSeries, IBM iSeries, IBM RS/6000, Genesi Pegasos II, and IBM Cell Broadband Engine machines.
Fedora 9 includes new hardware support for Genesi Efika, and for the Sony PlayStation 3.
Рекомендуется для текстового режима: Процессор G3 частотой 233 МГц или лучше, 128 Мбайт ОЗУ.
Рекомендуется для графики: Процессор G3 частотой 400 МГц или лучше, 256Мбайт ОЗУ.
6.2.1.2. Hard disk space
The disk space requirements listed below represent the disk
space taken up by Fedora 9 after installation is complete.
However, additional disk space is required during installation
to support the installation environment. This additional disk
space corresponds to the size of
/Fedora/base/stage2.img (on Installation
Disc 1) plus the size of the files in
/var/lib/rpm on
the installed system.
In practical terms, additional space requirements may range from as little as 90 MiB for a minimal installation to as much as an additional 175 MiB for an "everything" installation. The complete packages can occupy over 9 GB of disk space.
Данные пользователя тоже занимают место на диске, помимо этого для корректной работы системы должно быть свободно как минимум 5% дискового пространства.
6.2.2. 4 KiB Pages on 64-bit machines
After a brief experiment with 64KiB pages in Fedora Core 6, the PowerPC64 kernel has now been switched back to 4KiB pages. The installer should reformat any swap partitions automatically during an upgrade.
6.2.3. Клавиатура Apple
The Option key on Apple systems is equivalent to the Alt key on the PC. Where documentation and the installer refer to the Alt key, use the Option key. For some key combinations you may need to use the Option key in conjunction with the Fn key, such as Option+Fn+F3 to switch to virtual terminal tty3.
6.2.4. PPC installation notes
Fedora Installation Disc 1 is bootable on supported hardware. In
addition, a bootable CD image appears in the
images/ directory of
this disc. These images behave differently according to your
system hardware:
On most machines, the bootloader automatically boots the appropriate 32-bit or 64-bit installer from the install disc.
64-разрядные IBM pSeries (POWER4/POWER5), текущие модели iSeries. After using OpenFirmware to boot the CD, the bootloader,
yaboot, automatically boots the 64-bit installer.IBM "Legacy" iSeries (POWER4). So-called "Legacy" iSeries models, which do not use OpenFirmware, require use of the boot image located in the
images/iSeriesdirectory of the installation tree.32-bit CHRP (IBM RS/6000 и другие). After using OpenFirmware to boot the CD, select the
linux32boot image at theboot:prompt to start the 32-bit installer. Otherwise, the 64-bit installer starts and fails.-
Genesi Pegasos II. На момент написания, микропрограмма с полной поддержкой файловой системы ISO9660 все еще не подготовлена для Pegasos. Тем не менее, можно воспользоваться сетевым загрузочным образом. Для этого, в приглашении OpenFirmware введите команду:
boot cd: /images/netboot/ppc32.img
You must also manually configure OpenFirmware on the Pegasos to make the installed Fedora system bootable. To do this, set the
boot-deviceandboot-fileenvironment variables appropriately. Genesi Efika 5200B. To run Linux correctly on the Efika, download the "Device Tree Supplement" from http://www.powerdeveloper.org/platforms/efika/devicetree and install according to the documentation therein. At the time of writing, the firmware of the Efika has bugs which prevent correct operation of the
yabootbootloader. Genesi stated that a fixed firmware would be made available by April 2007. As of November 2007, it is not yet available.-
Sony PlayStation 3. For installation on PlayStation 3, first update to firmware 1.60 or later. The "Other OS" boot loader must be installed into the flash, following the instructions at http://www.playstation.com/ps3-openplatform/manual.html. A suitable boot loader image can be found on Sony's "ADDON" CD, available from ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/people/geoff/cell/.
Once the boot loader is installed, the PlayStation 3 should be able to boot from the Fedora install media. Type
linux64 xdriver=fbdevat the boot prompt, which will work around https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=370761. Please note that network installation works best with NFS, since that takes less memory than FTP or HTTP methods. Using thetextoption also reduces the amount of memory taken by the installer.For more information on Fedora and the PlayStation3 or Fedora on PowerPC in general, join the Fedora-PPC mailing list or the
#fedora-ppcchannel on FreeNode. -
Загрузка по сети. Combined images containing the installer kernel and ramdisk are located in the
images/netboot/directory of the installation tree. They are intended for network booting with TFTP, but can be used in many ways.Команда
yabootподдерживает загрузку по TFTP на серверах IBM eServer pSeries и Apple Macintosh. Проект Fedora рекомендует использоватьyabootвместо сетевых загрузочных образовnetboot.
6.2.5. PPC Specific Packages
ppc64-utils has been split out into
individual packages reflecting upstream packaging
(ps3pf-utils,
powerpc-utils,
powerpc-utils-papr). The
mkzimage command is no longer supplied, you
can use the wrapper script from kernel-bootwrapper package - eg:
wrapper -i initrd-${KERN_VERSION}.img -o zImage-${KERN_VERSION}.img vmlinuz-${KERN_VERSION}
6.3. Особенности x86 в Fedora
This section covers specific information about Fedora and the x86 hardware platform.
6.3.1. Hardware requirements for x86
In order to use specific features of Fedora 9 during or after installation, you may need to know details of other hardware components such as video and network cards.
6.3.1.1. Processor and memory
The following CPU specifications are stated in terms of Intel processors. Other processors, such as those from AMD, Cyrix, and VIA that are compatible with and equivalent to the following Intel processors, may also be used with Fedora.
Fedora 9 requires an Intel Pentium or better processor, and is optimized for Pentium 4 and later processors.
Recommended for text-mode: 200 MHz Pentium-class or better.
Recommended for graphical: 400 MHz Pentium II or better.
Minimum RAM for text-mode: 128MiB.
Minimum RAM for graphical: 192MiB.
Recommended RAM for graphical: 256MiB.
6.3.1.2. Hard disk space
The disk space requirements listed below represent the disk
space taken up by Fedora 9 after the installation is complete.
However, additional disk space is required during the
installation to support the installation environment. This
additional disk space corresponds to the size of
/Fedora/base/stage2.img on Installation
Disc 1 plus the size of the files in
/var/lib/rpm on
the installed system.
In practical terms, additional space requirements may range from as little as 90 MiB for a minimal installation to as much as an additional 175 MiB for an "everything" installation. The complete packages can occupy over 9 GB of disk space.
Данные пользователя тоже занимают место на диске, помимо этого для корректной работы системы должно быть свободно как минимум 5% дискового пространства.
6.4. Особенности x86_64 в Fedora
This section covers specific information about Fedora and the x86_64 hardware platform.
6.4.1. Hardware requirements for x86_64
In order to use specific features of Fedora 9 during or after installation, you may need to know details of other hardware components such as video and network cards.
6.4.1.1. Memory requirements for x86_64
Minimum RAM for text-mode: 256MiB.
Minimum RAM for graphical: 384MiB.
Recommended RAM for graphical: 512MiB.
6.4.1.2. Hard disk space requirements for x86_64
The disk space requirements listed below represent the disk
space taken up by Fedora 9 after the installation is complete.
However, additional disk space is required during the
installation to support the installation environment. This
additional disk space corresponds to the size of
/Fedora/base/stage2.img on Installation
Disc 1 plus the size of the files in
/var/lib/rpm on
the installed system.
In practical terms, additional space requirements may range from as little as 90 MiB for a minimal installation to as much as an additional 175 MiB for an "everything" installation. The complete packages can occupy over 9 GB of disk space.
Данные пользователя тоже занимают место на диске, помимо этого для корректной работы системы должно быть свободно как минимум 5% дискового пространства.