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Fedora 13

发​行​注​记​

Fedora 13 发​行​注​记​

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摘要
本​文​档​详​细​介​绍​了 Fedora 13 发​行​注​记​。​

1. 欢​迎​使​用​Fedora 13

1.1. Fedora 13 概​览​

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/OverView

和​以​往​一​样​，Fedora 继​续​开​发​（http://www.fedoraproject.org/wiki/Red_Hat_contributions）并​整​合​最​新​自​由​开​源​软​件​（http://www.fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features）。​下​面​的​部​分​介​绍​了​自​Fedora上​一​发​行​版​以​来​的​一​些​主​要​变​化​。​有​关​Fedora 13中​的​其​它​特​性​，请​参​考​详​述​目​标​和​程​序​的​各​个​wiki 页​面​：
http://www.fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/13/FeatureList
在​本​发​行​版​周​期​中​，将​有​对​关​键​特​性​背​后​的​开​发​人​员​的​采​访​，讲​述​一​些​内​幕​：
http://www.fedoraproject.org/wiki/Interviews
以​下​是​Fedora 13的​主​要​特​性​：
本​发​行​版​中​的​其​它​特​性​：
Fedora 13 的​特​性​，位​于​特​性​列​表​页​面​：
http://www.fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/13/FeatureList
关​于​加​入​这​些​特​性​的​讨​论​可​浏​览​：
http://www.fedoraproject.org/wiki/Fedora_13_Talking_Points

1.2. 硬​件​需​求​

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/HardwareOverview

最​低​要​求​往​往​不​够​

以​下​列​出​的​最​低​内​存​要​求​可​能​无​法​满​足​各​种​情​况​的​要​求​。​特​别​是​在​虚​拟​机​中​安​装​时​，内​存​要​求​接​近​"推​荐​"值​。​

1.2.1. PPC 架​构​的​处​理​器​和​内​存​要​求​

  • 最​低​CPU要​求​：PowerPC G3 / POWER3
  • Fedora 13 支​持 Apple 在 1999年​左​右​及​其​后​发​布​的​“​新​生​代​”​Power系​列​苹​果​机​。​虽​然​原​则​上​讲​，“​旧​生​代​”​机​器​也​可​正​常​工​作​，但​其​所​需​的​特​殊​引​导​程​序​没​有​集​成​在​本 Fedora 发​行​版​中​。​Fedora 还​在 POWER5 和 POWER6的​计​算​机​上​进​行​了​安​装​和​测​试​。​
  • Fedora 13支​持 pSeries 和 Cell 宽​带​引​擎​机​。​
  • Fedora 13还​支​持 Sony 的 PlayStation 3 和 Genesi Pegasos II 以​及 Efika。​
  • Fedora 13集​成​了​对 P.A. 半​导​体​“​Electra” 机​器​的​新​硬​件​支​持​。​
  • Fedora 13还​集​成​了​对 Terrasoft 解​决​方​案​电​源​工​作​站​的​支​持​。​
  • 文​本​模​式​推​荐​：233MHz G3或​以​上​，128MB 内​存​。​
  • 图​形​模​式​推​荐​：400MHz G3 或​以​上​，256MB 内​存​。​

1.2.2. x86 架​构​的​处​理​器​和​内​存​要​求​

下​列 CPU规​格​采​用 Intel 处​理​器​型​号​来​说​明​。​Fedora 也​可​运​行​于​其​它​处​理​器​厂​商​如 AMD, Cyrix 和 VIA等​与​下​列​Intel处​理​器​相​对​应​的​兼​容​产​品​上​。​Fedora 13 要​求​Intel Pentium Pro级​别​或​以​上​的​处​理​器​，并​针​对​i686及​其​后​续​处​理​器​进​行​了​优​化​。​
  • 文​本​模​式​推​荐​：200 MHz奔​腾​Pro或​以​上​
  • 图​形​模​式​推​荐​：400 MHz奔​腾​Pro处​理​器​或​以​上​。​
  • 文​本​模​式​最​小​内​存​：256MB
  • 图​形​模​式​最​小​内​存​：384MB
  • 图​形​模​式​推​荐​内​存​：512MB

1.2.3. x86_64 架​构​的​处​理​器​和​内​存​要​求​

  • 文​本​模​式​最​小​内​存​：256MB
  • 图​形​模​式​最​小​内​存​：384MB
  • 图​形​模​式​推​荐​内​存​：512MB

1.2.4. 所​有​架​构​的​硬​盘​空​间​要​求​

安​装​全​部​软​件​包​会​使​用 9 GB 以​上​的​磁​盘​空​间​。​实​际​需​要​的​空​间​取​决​于​具​体​的​发​布​集​（Spin）以​及​安​装​过​程​中​选​择​的​软​件​包​。​安​装​过​程​中​，安​装​程​序​还​需​要​额​外​的​磁​盘​空​间​支​持​安​装​环​境​。​额​外​磁​盘​空​间​的​尺​寸​相​当​于​位​于​第​一​张​安​装​盘​中​的 /Fedora/base/stage2.img 的​尺​寸​及 /var/lib/rpm 尺​寸​的​和​。​
在​实​际​操​作​中​，最​小​安​装​需​要 90MB 的​额​外​空​间​，而​更​大​的​安​装​需​要 175MB 的​额​外​空​间​。​
除​此​之​外​，还​需​要​额​外​的​存​储​空​间​存​放​用​户​数​据​。​还​应​保​留​至​少 5% 空​闲​空​间​为​系​统​正​常​运​作​所​用​。​

1.3. 欢​迎​使​用 Fedora

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/Welcome

Fedora 是​一​个​集​合​最​新​的​自​由​开​源​软​件​，基​于​Linux核​心​的​操​作​系​统​，。​任​何​人​都​可​用​永​远​免​费​使​用​、​修​改​和​发​布 Fedora。​它​由​全​球​社​区​（Fedora 项​目​）人​员​共​同​制​作​。​Fedora 项​目​是​一​个​开​放​项​目​并​欢​迎​任​何​人​加​入​。​Fedora 项​目​始​终​处​于​前​沿​，引​领​着​自​由​开​源​软​件​及​内​容​的​进​步​。​

注意

请​访​问​http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/来​了​解​Fedora最​新​的​发​行​注​记​，特​别​是​在​您​要​升​级​的​时​候​。​如​果​您​打​算​从​上​个​版​本​之​前​的​Fedora发​行​版​升​级​系​统​时​，您​还​需​要​引​用​那​个​版​本​的​发​行​注​记​来​了​解​更​多​信​息​。​
如​果​您​提​交​错​误​报​告​以​及​功​能​增​强​要​求​，就​可​以​帮​助 Fedora 项​目​和​社​区​不​断​地​改​进 Fedora。​更​多​有​关​於​错​误​和​功​能​报​告​上​的​相​关​信​息​，请​引​用 http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Bugs_and_feature_requests。​感​谢​您​的​参​与​。​
想​知​道​更​多 Fedora 的​信​息​，请​访​问​下​列​页​面​:

1.4. 常​见​bug

大​多​数​复​杂​的​软​件​都​可​能​存​在​bug。​自​由​开​放​源​码​软​件​的​特​点​之​一​，就​是​能​够​报​告​bug，让​开​发​人​员​可​以​通​过​您​所​报​告​的​错​误​来​修​复​或​者​改​进​您​使​用​的​软​件​。​
Fedora每​个​发​行​版​的​常​见 bug 列​表​都​是​由 Fedora 项​目​维​护​的​，当​您​遇​到​问​题​并​怀​疑​是​一​个​软​件 bug 时​，这​里​是​一​个​很​好​的​开​始​。​
https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Common_F13_bugs

1.5. 反​馈​

感​谢​您​花​时​间​向 Fedora 社​区​提​出​评​论​、​推​荐​和​错​误​报​告​。​这​样​可​以​帮​助​我​们​提​高 Fedora、​Linux 以​及​全​球​自​由​软​件​的​水​平​。​http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Common_F13_bugs列​出​了​本​发​行​版​已​报​告​的​bug及​已​知​问​题​。​

1.5.1. 我​​​们​​​需​​​要​​​您​​​的​​​反​​​馈​​​！

如​​​​​​​果​​​​​​​你​​​​​​​发​​​​​​​现​​​​​​​了​​​​​​​排​​​​​​​印​​​​​​​错​​​​​​​误​​​​​​​或​​​​​​​者​​​​​​​有​​​​​​​改​​​​​​​进​​​​​​​本​​​​​​​文​​​​​​​档​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​建​​​​​​​议​​​​​​​，我​​​​​​​们​​​​​​​希​​​​​​​望​​​​​​​能​​​​​​​听​​​​​​​取​​​​​​​你​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​意​​​​​​​见​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​请​​​​​​​在 Bugzilla http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla/ 里​​​​​​​提​​​​​​​交​​​​​​​关​​​​​​​于​​​产​​​品 Fedora Documentation. 的​​​​​​​报​​​​​​​告​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​
提​​​交​​​报​​​告​​​时​​​，请​​​​​​​记​​​​​​​得​​​​​​​提​​​​​​​及​​​​​​​文​​​​​​​档​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​标​​​​​​​识​​​​​​​符​​​​​​​：release-notes
如​​​​​​​果​​​​​​​你​​​​​​​有​​​​​​​改​​​​​​​进​​​​​​​本​​​​​​​文​​​​​​​档​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​建​​​​​​​议​​​​​​​，请​​​​​​​尽​​​​​​​量​​​​​​​将​​​​​​​其​​​​​​​明​​​​​​​确​​​​​​​化​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​如​​​​​​​果​​​​​​​你​​​​​​​发​​​​​​​现​​​​​​​了​​​​​​​错​​​​​​​误​​​​​​​，请​​​​​​​指​​​​​​​出​​​​​​​章​​​​​​​节​​​​​​​号​​​​​​​以​​​​​​​及​​​​​​​其​​​​​​​周​​​​​​​围​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​相​​​​​​​关​​​​​​​文​​​​​​​字​​​​​​​，以​​​​​​​便​​​​​​​我​​​​​​​们​​​​​​​尽​​​​​​​快​​​​​​​找​​​​​​​到​​​​​​​并​​​​​​​更​​​​​​​正​​​​​​​该​​​​​​​错​​​​​​​误​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​

1.5.2. 反​馈​的​其​它​方​式​

您​可​在​http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Bugs_and_feature_requests获​取​更​多​关​于​Bugzilla处​理​过​程​的​信​息​。​然​而​如​果​您​不​愿​使​用​Bugzilla提​交​反​馈​，您​也​可​以​：

2. 安​装​注​记​

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/Installer

注意

要​了​解​如​何​安​装​Fedora，参​考​http://docs.fedoraproject.org/installation-quick-start-guide/的​Fedora 安​装​速​成​指​南​或​者​http://docs.fedoraproject.org/install-guide/的​Fedora安​装​指​南​。​如​果​您​在​安​装​时​遇​到​了​本​发​行​注​记​中​未​涉​及​的​问​题​，请​查​看​ http://www.fedoraproject.org/wiki/FAQ和​ http://www.fedoraproject.org/wiki/Bugs/Common。​

2.1. boot.fedoraproject.org

Fedora 13提​供​了​通​过​互​联​网​安​装​或​升​级​Fedora的​新​方​法​，使​用​引​导​镜​像​http://boot.fedoraproject.org/。​该​镜​像​有​各​种​介​质​格​式​，包​括​USB、​CD、​DVD和​软​盘​。​您​可​使​用​该​镜​像​开​启​系​统​的​引​导​过​程​，该​过​程​之​后​将​与​远​程​服​务​器​连​接​完​成​引​导​过​程​并​启​动​安​装​程​序​。​这​个​过​程​类​似​于​使​用​Preboot Execution Environment (PXE)服​务​器​在​网​络​上​引​导​。​
安​装​和​升​级​过​程​本​身​是​跟​您​用​本​地​介​质​(如​DVD)相​同​的​。​
本​版​本​的​Fedora在​引​导​画​面​上​没​有​什​么​独​特​之​处​；以​后​您​可​使​用​相​同​的​引​导​镜​像​来​安​装​或​升​级​到​后​续​版​本​的​Fedora。​

2.2. 安​装​过​程​中​选​择​存​储​

对​于​有​多​个​存​储​设​备​(例​如​，不​止​一​个​硬​盘​驱​动​器​)的​计​算​机​，Fedora 13的​安​装​过​程​会​与​以​往​版​本​有​所​不​同​。​在​安​装​过​程​前​期​，anaconda 将​会​让​您​选​择​安​装​过​程​中​要​使​用​的​存​储​设​备​。​您​没​有​选​择​的​设​备​将​不​会​出​现​在​安​装​过​程​后​期​的​分​区​步​骤​中​。​

2.3. 在​多​路​径​设​备​上​安​装​

Anaconda目​前​可​以​将​Fedora安​装​到​多​路​径​设​备​上​。​如​果​您​的​机​器​中​有​多​路​径​设​备​，请​在​anaconda提​示​后​选​择​Specialized Storage Devices选​项​。​

2.4. 系​统​安​全​服​务​守​护​进​程​

Fedora 13可​以​通​过​System Security Services Daemon (SSSD)来​获​得​高​性​能​、​缓​存​验​证​及​身​份​查​询​以​及​离​线​验​证​支​持​。​离​线​缓​存​数​据​用​于​LDAP和​FreeIPA服​务​器​，离​线​验​证​用​于​LDAP、​Kerberos 5以​及​FreeIPA验​证​服​务​器​。​
要​使​用​此​功​能​，请​在​Firstboot配​置​系​统​时​选​择​Use Network Login选​项​。​Firstboot将​在​安​装​完​成​并​重​启​后​自​动​运​行​。​

3. 对​于​桌​面​用​户 Fedora 的​改​进​

3.1. Fedora 桌​面​

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/Desktop

3.1.1. 自​动​安​装​打​印​机​驱​动​

参​考​第 3.3 节 “打​印​”了​解​详​情​。​

3.1.2. 自​动​安​装​语​言​包​

参​考​第 3.4 节 “国​际​化​”了​解​详​情​。​

3.1.3. PackageKit完​整​集​成​

在​刻​录​音​频​CD时​Brasero会​自​动​安​装​缺​失​的​GStreamer编​码​器​。​File-roller可​安​装​缺​失​工​具​来​处​理​归​档​文​件​。​

3.1.4. 重​新​设​计​的​用​户​管​理​界​面​

技​术​预​览​

Fedora 13 的​这​个​功​能​是​一​个​加​载​选​项​，它​将​展​现​未​来​开​发​方​向​和​进​度​。​
用​户​账​户​工​具​已​完​全​重​新​设​计​。​工​具​可​设​置​用​户​个​人​信​息​，添​加​个​人​资​料​照​片​或​图​标​。​同​时​可​帮​助​用​户​生​成​强​密​码​，设​置​如​自​动​登​录​等​的​额​外​登​录​选​项​，并​决​定​用​户​所​处​角​色​，例​如​是​个​人​笔​记​本​上​的​单​个​用​户​还​是​一​个​公​共​系​统​管​理​员​。​这​些​新​特​性​是​由​Fedora桌​面​SIG的​一​些​成​员​设​计​并​落​实​的​。​参​考​第 4.1 节 “安​全​性​”来​了​解​本​特​性​中​关​于​安​全​增​强​的​详​情​。​
要​安​装​试​用​新​的​用​户​帐​户​工​具​，请​安​装​accountsdialog和​accountsservice ，然​后​运​行​accounts-dialog命​令​。​

3.1.5. NetworkManager的​改​进​包​括​增​加​了​字​符​界​面​

参​见​第 3.2 节 “网​络​”。​

3.1.6. 实​验​性​3D支​持​扩​展​至​针​对​Nvidia的​Nouveau驱​动​

Fedora 12之​前​在​自​由​开​源​的​Radeon驱​动​中​提​供​了​对​较​新​ATI显​卡​的​实​验​性​3D支​持​，如​今​Fedora 13中​实​验​性​的​3D支​持​已​扩​展​至​针​对​一​些​列​NVIDIA显​卡​的​nouveau驱​动​中​。​Fedora及​其​资​助​商​Red Hat致​力​于​提​高​完​全​自​由​加​速​的​显​卡​驱​动​的​质​量​和​覆​盖​面​。​同​时​我​们​支​持​用​户​的​选​择​，并​不​阻​止​用​户​使​用​闭​源​专​有​的​驱​动​程​序​，我​们​也​认​识​到​这​些​驱​动​有​时​会​与​FOSS社​区​成​员​编​写​的​软​件​产​生​冲​突​并​导​致​问​题​。 我​们​希​望​用​我​们​自​己​的​驱​动​来​做​为​FOSS社​区​工​作​的​补​充​，以​尊​重​我​们​对​FOSS社​区​的​承​诺​，以​及​上​游​Nouveau社​区​为​驱​动​程​序​更​加​完​善​而​做​的​努​力​。​只​需​安​装​mesa-dri-drivers-experimental便​可​体​验​这​个​新​功​能​。​

3.1.7. Shotwell代​替​Gthumb成​为​默​认​的​照​片​管​理​程​序​

Shotwell是​一​款​面​向​GNOME桌​面​环​境​的​开​源​照​片​管​理​程​序​，Fedora 13中​已​代​替​Gthumb成​为​默​认​照​片​管​理​软​件​。​它​包​括​如​下​特​性​：
  • 可​从​gPhoto支​持​的​任​意​相​机​导​入​照​片​
  • 自​动​组​织​含​有​同​时​间​所​拍​照​片​的​事​项​
  • 使​用​标​签​管​理​相​册​
  • 修​改​照​片​时​可​做​非​破​坏​性​编​辑​，无​需​使​用​原​始​照​片​或​为​每​个​拷​贝​使​用​磁​盘​空​间​。​
  • 向​Facebook, Flickr 或​Picasa发​布​照​片​
  • 一​键​自​动​增​强​
  • 旋​转​、​镜​像​和​裁​剪​照​片​
  • 消​除​照​片​的​红​眼​以​及​调​整​照​片​曝​光​度​、​饱​和​度​、​色​彩​和​色​温​
  • 编​辑​任​意​照​片​，即​便​它​没​有​导​入​到​Shotwell库​中​
有​关​Shotwell更​多​信​息​，请​参​见​http://yorba.org/shotwell/，Gthumb将​继​续​维​护​并​保​留​在​Fedora软​件​库​中​。​

3.1.8. Déjà Dup简​单​备​份​工​具​

GNOME桌​面​下​的​Déjà Dup是​Fedora 13默​认​的​简​单​备​份​工​具​。​它​适​当​地​隐​藏​了​备​份​的​复​杂​性​，使​用​duplicity做​为​后​端​。​
特​性​：
  • 支​持​本​地​或​远​程​备​份​源​，包​括​Amazon S3
  • 安​全​加​密​并​压​缩​您​的​数​据​
  • 增​量​备​份​，可​让​您​从​任​何​特​定​的​备​份​中​恢​复​
  • 计​划​常​规​备​份​
  • 很​好​地​集​成​于​您​的​GNOME桌​面​
3.1.8.1. Simple Scan扫​描​工​具​
Simple Scan是​Fedora 13默​认​的​扫​描​工​具​。​Simple Scan易​于​使​用​，可​让​用​户​连​接​扫​描​仪​并​以​适​当​格​式​导​入​图​像​或​文​档​。​更​多​信​息​位​于​http://lwn.net/Articles/377063/。​
3.1.8.2. GNOME颜​色​管​理​器​
颜​色​管​理​让​艺​术​家​、​摄​影​师​、​设​计​师​及​其​他​人​员​的​显​示​及​打​印​工​作​更​加​精​确​。​颜​色​管​理​可​以​为​多​数​显​示​器​设​置​输​出​伽​玛​表​，这​包​括​使​用​中​的​热​插​拔​显​示​器​。​用​户​也​可​通​过​双​击​安​装​供​应​商​提​供​的​ICC或​ICM文​件​，用​外​部​设​备​校​正​显​示​器​和​扫​描​仪​，以​及​使​用​ArgyllCMS软​件​包​做​颜​色​采​集​。 由​Red Hat工​程​师​、​Fedora贡​献​人​员 Richard Hughes所​写​。​
颜​色​管​理​可​帮​助​您​控​制​显​示​器​、​打​印​机​及​扫​描​仪​输​出​的​颜​色​精​确​度​。​
3.1.8.3. Nautilus的​改​进​
Nautilus文​件​管​理​器​默​认​为​浏​览​器​模​式​。​此​模​式​的​用​户​界​面​经​过​了​重​新​组​织​。​另​外​nautilus可​在​新​的​分​割​浏​览​模​式​中​实​现​两​侧​双​目​录​。​
Spatial模​式​做​为​选​项​仍​然​提​供​。​
3.1.8.4. Gnote的​改​进​
Gnote是​Tomboy的​一​个​C++端​。​它​是​Fedora中​GNOME环​境​默​认​的​笔​记​记​录​程​序​，做​了​很​多​增​强​和​bug修​正​。​Gnote有​了​一​些​新​的​加​载​项​，并​遵​照​了​freedesktop.org的​XDG目​录​标​准​。​先​前​版​本​中​存​储​的​笔​记​将​自​动​从​用​户​主​目​录​的​.gnote转​移​到​.local/share/gnote。​
3.1.8.5. GNOME DVB守​护​程​序​
通​过​GNOME DVB守​护​程​序​，Totem可​支​持​DVB，这​带​来​了​像​易​于​使​用​和​调​整​的​Electronic Program Guide (EPG)支​持​，以​及​通​过​UPNP (使​用​Rygel)电​视​频​道​导​出​。​
3.1.8.6. Xfce软​件​变​更​
Fedora 13 Xfce定​制​版​对​默​认​程​序​做​了​一​些​更​改​：
  • 去​掉​了​Gftp，此​功​能​由​Thunar和​Gigolo提​供​。​
  • Parole替​代​了​Totem，这​是​一​个​针​对​Xfce桌​面​设​计​的​简​单​、​迅​速​并​考​虑​资​源​使​用​的​媒​体​播​放​器​。​
  • Xscreensaver代​替​了​Gnome-screensaver
  • Remmina代​替​TigerVNC，它​支​持​更​多​协​议​(RDP, XDMCP, SSH)并​且​通​过​附​带​的​面​板​插​件​提​高​了​与​Xfce桌​面​的​集​成​性​。​
相​关​特​性​页​面​：

3.2. 网​络​

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/Networking

3.2.1. NetworkManager新​增​字​符​界​面​

Fedora 13的​NetworkManager做​了​以​下​改​进​：
  • 支​持​老​式​蓝​牙​拨​号​网​络​，提​供​命​令​行​界​面​以​及​更​好​地​信​号​强​度​显​示​。​Fedora已​支​持​针​对​老​式​蓝​牙​手​机​的​拨​号​调​制​解​调​器​，以​补​充​个​人​网​络​。​在​配​对​您​的​手​机​后​，直​接​选​中​使​用​手​机​访​问​互​联​网​选​项​并​选​择​您​的​手​机​即​可​。​
  • 通​过​nmcli工​具​提​供​了​命​令​行​模​式​。​此​功​能​最​终​让​NetworkManager能​够​面​向​命​令​行​用​户​。​同​时​命​令​行​下​使​用​NetworkManager对​那​些​为​了​省​电​(比​如​在​旅​行​中​)而​在​字​符​模​式​下​操​作​的​用​户​也​是​很​有​用​的​。​
  • 网​络​状​态​图​标​可​显​示​更​多​移​动​宽​带​卡​的​信​号​强​度​及​漫​游​状​态​。​

3.2.2. NFS

参​考​第 4.9 节 “文​件​系​统​”。​

3.3. 打​印​

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/Printing

3.3.1. 自​动​安​装​打​印​机​驱​动​

Fedora 13加​入​自​动​安​装​打​印​机​驱​动​的​功​能​。​当​接​入​USB或​并​口​打​印​机​后​，PackageKit将​按​照​打​印​机​制​造​商​和​型​号​自​动​查​找​并​安​装​合​适​的​驱​动​程​序​。​更​多​信​息​位​于​Fedora wiki的​特​性​页​面​：http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/AutomaticPrintDriverInstallation。​

3.4. 国​际​化​

本​节​介​绍​了​关​于​Fedora语​言​支​持​的​信​息​。​

3.4.1. iBus

IBus (Intelligent Input Bus)是​Linux下​的​一​个​输​入​框​架​，为​输​入​法​提​供​完​整​功​能​及​友​好​的​用​户​界​面​。​Fedora 13 中​IBus更​新​包​括​：
  • IBus现​支​持​所​有​程​序​的​全​局​共​享​输​入​模​式​：默​认​仍​使​用​separate context。​
  • IBus支​持​在​状​态​图​标​菜​单​中​显​示​语​言​栏​。​
  • ibus-pinyin引​擎​经​过​C++重​写​，增​强​了​模​糊​拼​音​性​能​。​
  • 新​的​ibus-fbterm提​供​了​fbterm framebuffer终​端​下​iBus支​持​。​
  • ibus-hangul引​擎​支​持​面​向​西​方​用​户​的​Romaja式​输​入​
  • ibus-table-quick合​并​至​ibus-table-cangjie，为​Smart Cangjie 6、​Quick(classic)及​Easy(Big)加​入​新​字​码​表​。​
  • ibus-anthy supports the preferences of symbol style and conversion mode.
  • ibus-anthy supports Thumb Shift NICOLA-J, NICOLA-F and NICOLA-A layouts.
  • ibus-anthy支​持​默​认​个​人​字​典​和​扩​展​个​人​字​典​的​自​定​义​。​

3.4.2. 新​的​中​文​字​体​

简​体​中​文​默​认​字​体​为​WQY Zenhei。​

3.4.3. Lohit Devanagarl

The new Lohit Devanagari font replaces the previous separate Lohit fonts for Hindi, Kashmiri, Konkani, Maithili, Marathi, and Nepali. Any distinct glyphs for these languages needed in the future can be handled in Lohit Devanagari with Open Type Font locl tags.

3.4.4. 自​动​安​装​语​言​包​

很​多​的​套​件​，如​OpenOffice.org、​Eclipse和​KDE，由​于​包​的​大​小​原​因​，将​它​们​的​翻​译​内​容​独​立​打​包​成​langpacks。​现​在​有​了​langpack plugin，当​yum 检​测​到​需​要​某​个​语​言​包​，并​且​是​用​户​需​要​的​软​件​包​的​语​言​包​时​，yum 将​会​自​动​下​载​并​安​装​。​用​户​无​需​专​门​为​这​些​套​件​安​装​语​言​支​持​。​在​未​来​这​个​特​性​将​会​扩​展​到​整​个​系​统​。​详​情​请​见​http://dingyichen.livejournal.com/17133.html。​

3.4.5. Glibc Locales and Collation

The following locales for glibc (the GNU C Library) have been added or updated in Fedora 13:
  • kok_IN (Konkani Language locale for India: around 3.6 million speakers) for Devanagari script added.
  • ps_AF (Pashto Language locale for Afghanistan: around 35.5 million speakers) added.
  • collation for Tamil and Assamese is now available in all locales.

3.5. 多​媒​体​

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/Multimedia

3.5.1. 更​好​的​摄​像​头​支​持​

Fedora 13不​断​的​在​增​强​摄​像​头​的​支​持​，本​次​发​行​修​正​了​大​量​bug并​更​新​了​已​有​摄​像​头​驱​动​程​序​。​一​些​双​模​式​相​机​(可​做​为​摄​像​头​的​相​机​)的​驱​动​程​序​已​并​入​主​内​核​。​

3.5.2. KDE PulseAudio集​成​

KDE 4.4特​性​之​一​就​是​集​成​了​Fedora的​默​认​声​音​管​理​，PulseAudio。​Fedora 13为​KDE用​户​带​来​如​下​新​特​性​：
  • Phonon将​检​测​PulseAudio，PulseAudio运​行​时​不​再​显​示​非​PulseAudio设​备​。​
  • PulseAudio新​增​module-device-manager，用​来​让​Phonon管​理​PulseAudio设​备​。​
  • 通​过​以​上​方​式​，Phonon可​用​来​设​置​PulseAudio发​现​的​设​备​优​先​级​别​。​
  • KMix显​示​PulseAudio音​量​，这​包​括​每​一​个​程​序​的​音​量​，并​且​允​许​程​序​在​设​备​间​切​换​。​
  • KMix的​传​统​后​端​ALSA仍​将​存​在​，使​用​命​令​export KMIX_PULSEAUDIO_DISABLE=1可​强​制​使​用​它​，即​便​PulseAudio已​被​检​测​出​来​。​

3.5.3. SIP Witch Domain Telephony

Fedora 13 includes SIP Witch Domain Telephony, allowing users to create and deploy scalable secure VoIP solutions, both for managing a local SIP based telephone system, and for calling remote users over the Internet without the need for a service provider or central directory service. With SIP Witch and an SIP-compatible softphone such as Twinkle or Empathy, users can replace propriety VoIP solutions with secure, direct peer-to-peer communications using entirely free software.

3.6. Fedora Live镜​像​

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/Live

游​戏​自​定​义​版​ 提​供​了​包​括​Fedora上​最​棒​游​戏​的​Live DVD。​
对​电​子​设​计​师​，Fedora电​子​实​验​室​自​定​义​版​提​供​了​完​整​的​IC芯​片​设​计​工​具​链​。​
Fedora Spins SIG (http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/SIGs/Spins ) 一​直​在​根​据​不​同​用​途​开​发​专​门​的​Live镜​像​。​

3.6.1. 从​Live CD到​Live USB

之​前​的​Fedora发​行​版​，桌​面​Live镜​像​都​是​CD格​式​的​。​CD盘​700M的​限​制​渐​渐​的​在​影​响​着​用​户​的​体​验​，因​此​Fedora桌​面​团​队​在​这​次​发​行​版​推​出​1GB的​Live USB 来​代​替​它​。​Fedora 13 桌​面​Live镜​像​不​再​适​合​CD光​盘​。​结​果​就​是​， Openoffice.org代​替​了​Abiword同​GIMP图​形​编​辑​程​序​一​起​成​为​了​Live镜​像​默​认​提​供​的​程​序​。​
制​作​Live USB的​详​细​文​档​可​参​考 http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/How_to_create_and_use_Live_USB.。​您​也​可​以​把​此​镜​像​刻​录​成​DVD。​如​果​您​的​计​算​机​不​支​持​从 USB 启​动​，或​者​没​有 DVD 驱​动​器​，您​可​以​采​用​以​下​方​法​之​一​：
  • 网​络​安​装​
  • 使​用​常​规​的​CD安​装​光​盘​
  • 使​用 http://spins.fedoraproject.org 的​Live镜​像​，它​提​供​了​另​一​个​桌​面​环​境​而​且​仍​然​是​CD光​盘​大​小​。​

4. 对​系​统​管​理​员​来​说 Fedora 的​改​动​

4.1. 安​全​性​

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/Security

4.1.1. Dogtag认​证​系​统​

Dogtag Certificate System (DGS) is an enterprise-class open-source Certificate Authority (CA) supporting all aspects of certificate lifecycle management including Certificate Authority (CA), Data Recovery Manager (DRM), Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) Manager, Registration Authority (RA), Token Key Service (TKS), Token Processing System (TPS) and smartcard management, through Enterprise Security Client (ESC).
查​看​Fedora wiki的​Dogtag Certificate System页​面​了​解​详​情 — http://fedoraproject.org/w/index.php?title=Features/DogtagCertificateSystem。​

4.1.2. modprobe白​名​单​

modprobe白​名​单​可​让​管​理​员​在​高​安​全​环​境​下​把​modprobe加​载​的​模​块​限​制​在​管​理​员​配​置​好​的​模​块​列​表​内​。​这​一​限​制​使​未​经​授​权​的​用​户​无​法​再​利​用​不​常​用​的​模​块​(如​附​加​硬​件​)中​的​漏​洞​。​因​此​也​就​限​制​了​可​运​行​于​内​核​中​的​潜​在​漏​洞​代​码​的​数​量​。​
modprobe除​加​载​模​块​外​也​可​以​运​行​特​定​的​命​令​(使​用​install配​置​管​理​)；这​可​以​通​过​同​一​个​白​名​单​做​限​制​。​为​了​让​系​统​管​理​员​编​译​白​名​单​，modprobe加​入​了​额​外​的​功​能​：它​可​以​把​所​有​信​息​(类​似​于​用​modprobe -v)记​录​到​指​定​文​件​，包​括​dracut initrd中​modprobe的​动​作​。​有​脚​本​可​用​来​从​日​志​数​据​中​编​译​白​名​单​。​
使​用​白​名​单​可​大​大​减​少​内​核​空​间​的​攻​击​并​可​避​免​很​少​使​用​的​内​核​模​式​代​码​漏​洞​带​来​的​风​险​。​从​一​个​样​本​Fedora桌​面​系​统​来​看​，共​加​载​1964个​可​用​模​块​中​的​79个​(4%)。​按​代​码​量​计​算​，包​括​主​内​核​文​件​(/boot/vmlinuz*)在​内​，样​本​桌​面​系​统​运​行​8.36MB的​内​核​空​间​代​码​，占​34.66MB总​量​的​24%。​
更​完​整​的​介​绍​请​参​考​Fedora wiki中​的​Modprobe Whitelist 特​性​页​面​：http://fedoraproject.org/w/index.php?title=Features/ModprobeWhitelist

4.1.3. 用​户​帐​户​会​话​

用​户​帐​户​会​话​经​过​重​新​设​计​能​够​在​单​一​用​户​系​统​或​小​部​署​系​统​上​创​建​新​用​户​以​及​修​改​用​户​相​关​信​息​。​新​会​话​在​功​能​上​代​替​了​之​前​的​几​个​工​具​，如​system-config-user、 gnome-about-me、 gdmsetup和​polkit-gnome-authorization，使​得​这​些​功​能​可​以​在​同​一​位​置​设​置​。​
Fedora wiki页​面​User Account Dialog介​绍​了​更​多​信​息​：http://fedoraproject.org/w/index.php?title=Features/UserAccountDialog

4.1.4. Policy Kit One

PolicyKitOne代​替​了​PolicyKit ，给​KDE用​户​带​来​更​好​地​应​用​程​序​及​桌​面​体​验​。​Fedora 12 KDE桌​面​版​使​用​Gnome Authentication Agent 。​PolicyKitOne让​Fedora 13中​的​KAuth利​用​本​地​KDE验​证​代​理​变​为​可​能​。​
有​关​本​特​性​的​完​整​介​绍​请​查​看​Fedora wiki页​面​KDE PolicyKit One Qt：http://fedoraproject.org/w/index.php?title=Features/KDE_PolicyKitOneQt

4.2. 虚​拟​化​

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/Virtualization

4.2.1. 针​对​KVM网​络​的​内​核​加​速​

The VHost Net feature moves the task of converting virtio descriptors to skbs and back from qemu userspace to the kernel driver. This was shown to reduce latency by a factor of five, and improve bandwidth from 90% native to 95% of native on some systems.
This feature is activated by using -netdev options (instead of -net) and adding the vhost=on flag.
详​情​请​参​考​： http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/VHostNet

4.2.2. KVM Stable PCI Addresses

KVM guests in Fedora now have stable PCI addresses, reducing the chance that Windows guests will require reactivation as guest configuration is modified.
KVM guest virtual machine devices retain their PCI address allocations as other devices are added or removed from the guest configuration.
更​多​信​息​请​参​考​：

4.2.3. Virt x2apic

X2apic improves guest performance by reducing the overhead of APIC access, which is used to program timers and for issuing inter-processor interrupts. By exposing x2apic to guests, and by enabling the guest to utilize x2apic, we improve guest performance.
Fedora 13 supports x2apic in both the host and guest roles.
详​情​请​参​考​： http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/Virtx2apic

4.2.4. Virtio-Serial

The virtio-console pci device is now equipped to handle multiple console ports as well as generic ports for guests running on top of qemu and KVM. This facilitates simple communication between guest and host.
详​情​请​参​考​：http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/VirtioSerial

4.2.5. 虚​拟​化​技​术​预​览​库​

The Virtualization Preview Repository exists for people who would like to test the very latest virtualization-related packages. This repo is intended primarily as an aid to testing and early experimentation. It is not intended for deployment on production systems.
详​情​请​参​考​：http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Virtualization_Preview_Repository

4.2.6. Xen 内​核​支​持​

Fedora 13 的​内​核​支​持​作​为​客​户​机 domU 引​导​，但​还​不​能​作​为 dom0 使​用​，直​到​上​游​内​核​可​提​供​这​种​支​持​。​这​些​工​作​正​在​进​行​，并​且​很​有​希​望​在​Fedora 13和​2.6.33的​核​心​中​得​到​支​持​。​
最​早​可​以​支​持​dom0的​Fedora系​统​是​Fedora 8。​
在​Fedora 13主​机​上​引​导 Xen domU 客​户​机​需​要​基​于​KVM的​xenner。​xenner将​虚​拟​机​内​核​和​小​型​Xen模​拟​器​当​作​KVM的​虚​拟​机​一​起​运​行​。​
更​多​信​息​请​参​考​：

重​要​— 需​要​稳​定​硬​件​

KVM需​要​主​机​系​统​支​持​硬​件​虚​拟​化​功​能​。​当​前​没​有​硬​件​虚​拟​化​功​能​的​系​统​不​支​持​Xen虚​拟​机​。​

4.3. 网​页​和​内​容​服​务​器​

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Documentation_Web_Servers_Beat

4.3.1. Apache

httpd从​2.2.13更​新​至​2.2.14。​本​次​更​新​仅​做​了​bug修​正​。​详​情​请​见​http://www.apache.org/dist/httpd/CHANGES_2.2。​

4.4. 邮​件​服​务​器​

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/MailServers

4.4.1. cyrusimap

The latest stable and current release of the cyrus-imapd server is 2.3.16 which includes support for replicated mailboxes, unified murder configuration, delayed expunge, separate metadata partitions, Sieve extensions, and much more. It requires SASLv2. For specifics about the changes refer to http://cyrusimap.web.cmu.edu/imapd/changes.html. If you are using SQL detection, some changes may be required (http://cyrusimap.web.cmu.edu/imapd/install-upgrade.html).

4.4.2. dovecot

dovecot has been upgraded to 1.2.11. In earlier versions, some very large headers were sent which could result in a denial of service. This update fixes that problem, in addition to some security improvements. Details can be found at http://dovecot.org/doc/NEWS. (Note that Fedora 12 included version 1.2.6).

4.4.3. fetchmail

Fedora 13采​用​6.3.14版​的 fetchmail。​本​此​更​新​修​正​了​一​些​安​全​相​关​的​bug并​恢​复​了​对​某​些​服​务​器​的​IMAP2支​持​。​变​更​详​情​请​查​看​http://developer.berlios.de/project/shownotes.php?group_id=1824&release_id=17213.

4.4.4. sendmail

sendmail更​新​至​8.14.4。​包​括​大​量​bug修​正​以​及​安​全​改​进​。​

4.4.5. Zarafa

Zarafa is a groupware suite that is new to Fedora. It provides integration with existing Linux mail servers and uses Ajax to create a user interface that is intuitive to users of Microsoft Outlook. Zarafa includes an IMAP4 and a POP3 gateway as well as an iCal/CalDAV gateway. It combines a high degree of usability with the stability and flexibility of a Linux server.

4.5. 数​据​库​服​务​器​

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/DatabaseServers

4.5.1. db4

Fedora 13 集​成​4.8.26版​的​Berkeleydb4数​据​库​。​本​版​本​提​高​了​性​能​，新​增​db_sql工​具​以​及​额​外​的​API。​

4.5.2. MySQL

mysql更​新​至​5.1.44(从​5.1.39)。​本​版​本​加​入​了​新​的​复​制​能​力​。​参​考​位​于​http://lists.mysql.com/announce/664，http://lists.mysql.com/announce/660，http://lists.mysql.com/announce/654，http://lists.mysql.com/announce/645及​http://lists.mysql.com/announce/639的​MySQL发​行​注​记​以​了​解​详​细​信​息​。​

4.5.3. Postgresql

postgresql更​新​至​8.4.2。​尽​管​这​是​一​个​bug修​正​版​本​，但​是​如​果​您​有​散​列​索​引​的​话​，您​需​要​在​更​新​后​REINDEX那​些​数​据​表​。​有​关​bug修​正​的​详​细​信​息​请​查​看​http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.4/static/release-8-4-2.html。​

4.5.4. sqlite

Fedora 13的​sqlite已​从​3.6.17更​新​至​3.6.23。​本​次​更​新​加​入​了​大​量​的​新​程​序​和​函​数​，并​修​复​了​bug。​变​更​的​完​整​信​息​请​见​http://www.sqlite.org/changes.html。​

4.6. Samba（Windows 兼​容​性​）

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/Samba

samba and its various clients, add-ins and GUIs have been updated to 3.5.0. Changes include use of full Windows resolution for timestamps and caching of credentials. The Using Samba HTML book is no longer included, but is available at http://www.samba.org/samba/docs/using_samba/toc.html.
对​smb.conf做​了​部​分​更​改​。​管​理​员​应​从​http://www.samba.org/samba/history/samba-3.5.0.html了​解​详​细​信​息​。​

4.7. 系​统​守​护​程​序​

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/SystemDaemons

4.7.1. mdadm

The mdadm program controls Linux md devices (redundant arrays of independent disks implemented in software, or software RAIDs). It can create, assemble, report on, and monitor arrays and can also move spare storage between arrays when needed.
Fedora 13的​mdadm从​3.0.2更​新​至​3.1.1。​主​要​变​化​包​括​：
  • 当​container中​的​members仍​然​活​跃​时​，您​不​必​再​停​止​container。​
  • homehost已​添​加​至​AUTO的​配​置​行​中​。​当​使​用​-all选​项​时​，此​选​项​将​使​mdadm自​动​组​合​属​于​本​机​器​的​任​何​阵​列​，但​不​会​自​动​组​合​其​它​阵​列​。​
  • 之​前​有​依​赖​关​系​的​阵​列​在​mdadm.conf中​必​须​按​一​定​顺​序​排​列​。​现​在​，顺​序​不​再​重​要​。​

4.7.2. openssh-server

Openssh-server是​一​个​基​于​SSH协​议​的​开​源​服​务​器​守​护​程​序​。​
Fedora 13 的​openssh-server从​5.2p1更​新​至​5.4p1。​主​要​变​更​包​括​：
  • 默​认​禁​用​SSH协​议​1
  • 增​加​对 PKCS#11令​牌​的​支​持​
  • added support for certificate authentication of users and hosts using a new, minimal OpenSSH certificate format (not X.509).
  • added a netcat mode that connects standard out on a client to a single port forward on a server.
  • 为​sshd和​ssh增​加​了​撤​销​键​功​能​。​
详​情​请​参​考​http://www.openssh.com/txt/release-5.4。​

4.8. 服​务​器​工​具​

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/ServerTools

这​部​分​主​要​介​绍​了​Fedora 13 中​对​各​种 GUI 服​务​器​和​系​统​配​置​工​具​的​更​改​。​

4.8.1. Udisks

Fedora 13中​udisks存​储​守​护​进​程​支​持​LVM和​多​路​径​设​备​。​palimpsest工​具​为​这​些​特​性​提​供​了​图​形​界​面​。​同​时​还​有​其​它​的​用​户​界​面​改​进​，以​及​可​选​的​远​程​访​问​。​
有​关​详​情​请​参​考​https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/UdisksImprovements。​

4.9. 文​件​系​统​

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/FileSystems

4.9.1. Btrfs

Btrfs是​一​个​处​于​开​发​的​文​件​系​统​，与​ext2、​ext3及​ext4文​件​系​统​相​比​，它​能​够​寻​址​并​管​理​更​多​、​更​大​的​文​件​及​更​大​的​卷​。​Btrfs目​的​在​于​设​计​一​个​容​错​的​文​件​系​统​，便​于​检​测​并​能​在​错​误​出​现​时​修​复​错​误​。​它​使​用​校​验​方​式​来​保​证​数​据​和​元​数​据​的​有​效​性​，并​维​护​文​件​系​统​快​照​以​便​备​份​或​修​复​。​
文​件​系​统​快​照​功​能​是​在​Fedora 13中​首​次​出​现​。​每​当​yum包​管​理​器​有​安​装​或​更​新​时​，便​会​自​动​创​建​快​照​。​
由​于​Btrfs仍​在​实​验​及​开​发​中​，安​装​程​序​默​认​并​不​使​用​它​。​如​果​您​想​在​驱​动​器​上​创​建​Btrfs分​区​，您​必​须​在​安​装​过​程​开​始​时​的​引​导​选​项​中​加​上​btrfs。​

Btrfs仍​处​于​实​验​中​

Fedora 13增​加​了​Btrfs以​便​您​对​此​文​件​系​统​进​行​测​试​。​您​不​要​在​包​含​重​要​数​据​或​重​要​的​系​统​上​使​用​Btrfs。​

4.9.2. NFS

Fedora 13采​用​NFSv4做​为​默​认​的​NFS协​议​(从​Fedora 12的​NFSv3升​级​)。​
Fedora支​持​挂​载​基​于​IPv6的​NFS。​

4.10. X 窗​口​系​统​（图​形​）

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/Xorg

这​一​节​包​含​与 Fedora 中​采​用​的 X 窗​口​系​统​，X.org等​相​关​的​信​息​。​

4.10.1. DisplayPort

DisplayPort是​个​全​新​的​数​字​显​示​连​接​及​协​议​，它​更​适​合​于​DVI。​Fedora 13 推​出​DisplayPort支​持​NVIDIA和​ATI Radeon图​形​芯​片​。​
详​情​请​见​：

4.10.2. 第​三​方​的​显​卡​驱​动​程​序​

参​考​Xorg第​三​方​驱​动​页​面​，介​绍​了​使​用​第​三​方​显​卡​驱​动​的​相​关​指​南​：http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Xorg/3rdPartyVideoDrivers

5. 对​开​发​者​来​说 Fedora 的​改​动​

5.1. 实​时​

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Documentation_Development_Runtime_Beat

TODO

5.2. 工​具​

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/Devel/Tools

Fedora 13包​括​了​丰​富​的​开​发​工​具​套​装​，包​括​了​所​有​流​行​的​编​程​语​言​，最​好​和​最​新​的​IDEs，以​及​可​扩​展​的​库​。​本​节​将​介​绍​针​对​Fedora 13的​主​要​变​更​。​有​关​开​发​组​件​众​多​更​新​的​完​整​列​表​请​查​看​Fedora 13 Technical Notes at http://docs.fedoraproject.org。​
任​务​

5.3. GCC 编​译​器​集​合​

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/Devel/Tools/GCC

gcc从​4.4.2更​新​至​4.4.3。​包​括​gcc，gcc-c++，gcc-fortran，gcc-gnat和 gcc-objc。​

5.3.1. GCC now uses Implicit DSO linking

要​点​：
  1. ld will no longer automatically search in the dependencies of linked objects.
  2. 如​果​您​的​项​目​A和​B两​个​库​都​用​的​话​，那​么​只​有​在​A和 B都​明​确​的​链​接​后​才​能​编​译​。​
  3. Fedora wiki上​有​更​多​关​于​GCC特​性​的​解​释​：http://fedoraproject.org/w/index.php?title=UnderstandingDSOLinkChange。​
Under the new changes, if your package fails its build with a message like: 
/usr/bin/ld: gpx-parser.o: undefined reference to symbol 'acos@@GLIBC_2.0'
/usr/bin/ld: note: 'acos@@GLIBC_2.0' is defined in DSO /lib/libm.so.6 so try adding it to the linker command line
Then the line that builds the specified .o needs to explicitly link libm.

5.3.2. gcc 4.4.3完​全​移​除​了​_builtin_stdarg_start。​

_builtin_stdarg_start will return a undefined reference to _builtin_stdarg_start because of the depreciation of <stdarg.h> in gcc 4.x The replacement is _builtin_va_start.

5.4. Java

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/Java

TODO

5.5. Haskell

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Documentation_Development_Haskell_Beat

Fedora 13 features ghc-6.12.1, which now supports shared libraries on Linux. All ghc library packages in Fedora should now provide a main shared library package for runtime, in addition to the devel, doc, and prof subpackages. ghc-macros has been expanded to make packaging even easier, hiding the tedious, error-prone subpackaging process.
Darcs已​升​级​至​2.4，包​含​了​许​多​新​特​性​和​改​进​。​

5.6. Eclipse

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Documentation_Development_Eclipse_Beat

5.6.1. eclipse-mylyn

Mylyn是​一​个​以​任​务​为​中​心​的​Eclipse用​户​接​口​。​Fedora 13 采​用​3.3.2版​，它​由​Fedora 12 的​3.2.1更​新​而​来​。​主​要​变​化​包​括​：
  • 用​于​C和​C++开​发​的​CDT Bridge现​在​是​Mylyn的​一​部​分​，也​是​Java Bridge的​补​充​。​
  • 任​务​编​辑​器​和​任​务​列​表​都​有​所​更​新​，做​了​众​多​可​用​性​改​进​。​
  • JIRA和​Bugzilla间​的​连​接​器​增​加​了​新​特​性​。​
  • 修​正​了​API中​的​严​重​bug — 关​于​API更​改​的​详​情​请​参​考​位​于​ http://wiki.eclipse.org/Mylyn/Porting_Guide#Notable_API_changes_in_3.3的​Mylyn Porting Guide。​

5.7. Linux内​核​

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Documentation_Kernel_Beat

这​一​节​主​要​概​述​了​Fedora 13中​2.6.33-based内​核​的​更​改​及​重​要​信​息​。​
为​了​改​进​、​修​正​bug及​增​加​功​能​，Fedora可​能​会​向​内​核​增​加​额​外​的​补​丁​。​基​于​此​原​因​，Fedora的​内​核​可​能​不​会​与​位​于​http://www.kernel.org.的​kernel.org网​站​上​的​内​核​完​全​相​同​。​
要​获​取​这​些​补​丁​列​表​，请​下​载​源​代​码​RPM包​并​执​行​以​下​命​令​： 
rpm -qpl kernel-<version>.src.rpm

5.7.1. 变​更​记​录​

要​接​收​软​件​包​变​更​的​日​志​，运​行​以​下​命​令​： 
rpm -q --changelog kernel-<version>
如​果​您​需​要​用​户​友​好​型​的​变​更​记​录​，参​考​http://wiki.kernelnewbies.org/LinuxChanges. 内​核​简​短​和​完​整​的​区​别​位​于​http://kernel.org/git. Fedora版​内​核​基​于​Linus主​干​。​
针​对​Fedora版​本​的​定​制​位​于​http://cvs.fedoraproject.org.

5.7.2. 针​对​内​核​开​发​的​准​备​

Fedora 13没​有​集​成​以​前​版​本​所​提​供​的​kernel-source包​，因​为​现​在​构​建​外​部​模​块​时​只​会​用​到​kernel-devel包​。​

5.7.3. 报​告​Bug

有​关​Linux内​核​bug报​告​的​信​息​请​参​考​http://kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/lkml/reporting-bugs.html。​您​也​可​以​访​问​http://bugzilla.redhat.com来​报​告​关​于​Fedora的​bug。​

6. 对​特​定​爱​好​者​来​说 Fedora 的​改​动​

6.1. 科​学​和​数​学​方​面​的​更​新​

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Documentation_Scientific_and_Technical_Beat

Fedora 13 拥​有​一​系​列​的​科​学​和​数​学​软​件​包​。​Fedora 13 中​更​新​了​以​下​软​件​包​。​
其​它​大​量​软​件​包​也​做​了​较​小​的​更​新​和​bug修​正​。​详​情​请​参​考​位​于 http://docs.fedoraproject.org的​Fedora 13 Technical Notes 。​

6.1.1. EMBOSS

6.2.0版​的 EMBOSS除​更​新​已​有​格​式​外​现​在​能​够​读​取​另​外​的​一​些​文​件​格​式​。​增​加​了​很​多​新​功​能​，同​时​针​对​脚​本​的​需​要​做​了​一​些​更​改​。​这​些​变​更​的​详​细​信​息​可​查​看​http://emboss.sourceforge.net/developers/changelog.html#0

6.1.2. Macaulay2

Macaulay2 now includes certification of new packages that have been approved for publication in peer-reviewed journals, as well as a large number of new programs and packages. Some capabilities have been improved or changed. Users should review http://www.math.uiuc.edu/Macaulay2/doc/Macaulay2-1.3.1/share/doc/Macaulay2/Macaulay2Doc/html/_changes_cm_sp1.3.html for details on these improvements.

6.1.3. R

R更​新​至​2.10.1。​除​修​正​bug外​还​增​加​了​很​多​新​特​性​。​详​情​请​参​考​https://svn.r-project.org/R/trunk/NEWS (滚​动​至​2.10和 2.10.1处​)。​众​多​与​R相​关​的​软​件​包​以​及​emacs模​式​也​有​更​新​。​

6.1.4. ugene

Fedora 13 附​带​了​1.6.1版​的​ugene。​由​于​修​复​了​很​多​严​重​bug，因​此​强​烈​推​荐​更​新​至​此​版​本​。​如​果​您​不​想​用​RPM安​装​，想​编​译​安​装​的​话​，您​应​查​看​http://ugene.unipro.ru/news.html#160210 来​获​取​成​功​升​级​的​具​体​方​法​。​使​用​yum 或​PackageKit等​常​规​安​装​程​序​则​不​需​要​。​

6.2. 电​子​设​计​自​动​化​

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Documentation_EDA_Beat

This section outlines changes in the Fedora Electronic Lab for Fedora 13. Note that a number of the applications in FEL have application to a number of communities. These specific applications are outlined in the Circuit Design (which includes simulation and PCB layout) and Embedded Development sections of these notes.
任​务​

6.3. 嵌​入​式​开​发​

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Documentation_Embedded_Development_Beat

Fedora 13提​供​了​一​系​列​支​持​嵌​入​式​开​发​的​软​件​包​。​对​AVR和​相​关​部​件​以​及​Microchip PIC提​供​了​广​泛​的​支​持​。​此​外​，还​提​供​了​在​Z80，8051等​较​旧​的​、​不​常​用​的​部​件​上​进​行​开​发​的​包​。​更​完​整​的​信​息​请​参​考​位​于​https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Packages_For_Embedded_Development的​Packages for embedded development on the wiki。​

6.3.1. avrdude

avrdude has been updated from 5.8 to 5.10. The new release includes support for additional part numbers as well as a number of additional programmers.
其​它​信​息​

6.3.2. piklab

piklab更​新​至​0.15.7。​
主​要​变​更​包​括​：
  • 去​除​对​PICkit2V2的​支​持​
  • ICD2支​持​得​到​大​幅​改​进​，包​括​对​PIC33设​备​的​支​持​
  • Toolchain and programmer selection have been moved to the project manager
有​关​完​整​信​息​，请​查​看​Piklab变​更​记​录​http://piklab.sourceforge.net/changelog.php.

6.3.3. mcu8051ide

mcu8051ide更​新​至​1.3.3。​除​修​正​bug外​，还​包​括​以​下​新​特​性​：
  • RS232/UART debugger, tool intended for debugging in real hardware applications
  • Symbol list (added on the right panel)
  • Assembler has now support for assigning register names to constants. So since this version you can write code like this: 
    ABC   EQU   R0
      MOV   ABC, #55h   ; <- This will be compiled as "MOV R0, #55h

6.3.4. gnusim8085

Fedora 13 includes gnusim8085 version 1.3.6. This new release is now internationalized, and includes a number of usability improvements and new features. For a complete description, refer to the announcement at https://launchpad.net/gnusim8085/+announcement/5242.

6.3.5. avr-binutuls

avr-binutils has been updated to 2.20. There are a number of new features as well as bug fixes. Refer to the project's NEWS file for details at http://sourceware.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb.cgi/~checkout~/src/binutils/NEWS?rev=1.87&content-type=text/plain&cvsroot=src&only_with_tag=binutils-binutils-2_20.

6.3.6. avr-gcc

avr-gcc has been updated to 4.3.3, along with avr-gcc-c++. Refer to 第 5.3 节 “GCC 编​译​器​集​合​” for the details of this upgrade.

6.4. 针​对​业​余​无​线​电​操​作​人​员​的​新​特​性​

This beat is located here: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/AmateurRadio

Fedora 13包​括​了​很​多​业​余​无​线​电​和​电​子​爱​好​者​感​兴​趣​的​应​用​程​序​和​库​。​这​些​应​用​程​序​大​多​包​含​在 Fedora 的​电​子​实​验​室​定​制​版​中​。​同​时​在​电​路​设​计​，嵌​入​式​开​发​及​科​学​和​数​学​中​也​可​找​到​这​些​有​趣​的​程​序​。​有​关​Fedora提​供​的​业​余​无​线​电​程​序​完​整​列​表​请​查​看​位​于​https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Applications_for_Amateur_Radio的​业​余​无​线​电​相​关​程​序​wiki页​面​。​
本​节​主​要​介​绍​自​Fedora 13以​来​这​些​应​用​程​序​的​关​键​更​新​。​要​了​解​所​有​更​新​信​息​，请​参​考​位​于​http://docs.fedoraproject.org的​Fedora 13 Technical Notes。​

6.4.1. hamlib

hamlib更​新​至​1.2.10。​新​功​能​包​括​：
  • 新​型​号​：IC-7200, PCR-1500, PCR-2500, RX-340, R&S ESMC, BC898T, Si570 AVR-USB, Paragon (skeleton)
  • 新​转​子​后​端​：SPID, GS-232(非​A或​B)
  • 修​正​及​特​性​
    • TH-F7E, K2, FT-920, Yaesu NewCAT, IC-7000, IC-7800, IC-910, IC-718, IC-756PROIII, Tentec Orion, Jupiter, RX320, AOR-8000, PCR-1000, Video4Linux, 所​有​kenwood后​端​, GS-232A
    • 后​端​标​记​中​的​ABI版​本​
    • 通​过​rig_set_conf()展​现​PTT/DCD设​置​
    • 并​口​PTT现​遵​循​cwdaemon (STROBE+INT) 接​口​
    • 绑​定​
    • ltdl更​新​

6.4.2. xastir

xastir 1.9.6除​修​正​很​多​bug外​，形​状​及​术​语​均​已​更​新​，符​合​NIMS标​准​ICS用​途​。​
Fedora项​目​由​Red Hat资​助​。​
The Fedora License Agreement is included with each release. A reference version is available on the Fedora Project website: http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Legal/Licenses/LicenseAgreement The text of and illustrations in this document are licensed by Red Hat under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license ("CC-BY-SA"). An explanation of CC-BY-SA is available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/. The original authors of this document, and Red Hat, designate the Fedora Project as the "Attribution Party" for purposes of CC-BY-SA. In accordance with CC-BY-SA, if you distribute this document or an adaptation of it, you must provide the URL for the original version.
‘​Fedora’​和 Fedora 标​志​是​RedHat公​司​商​标​，并​遵​从​Fedora商​标​条​例​：http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Legal/TrademarkGuidelines所​有​其​它​商​标​均​由​各​自​属​主​持​有​。​
这​个​文​件​会​链​接​到​不​是​由 Fedora 项​目​控​制​和​维​护​的​其​它​资​源​。​红​帽​公​司​不​对​那​些​资​源​的​内​容​负​责​。​我​们​只​是​为​了​方​便​才​提​供​这​些​链​接​，将​任​何​到​这​些​资​源​的​链​接​包​含​在​内​不​是​根​据 Fedora 项​目​或​者​红​帽​资​源​的​背​书​。​我​们​保​留​终​止​任​何​链​接​或​者​在​任​何​时​间​终​止​链​接​程​序​的​权​利​。​
特​定​的​导​出​限​制​可​能​会​用​于 Fedora 项​目​发​行​版​本​。​有​关​详​情​请​引​用 http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Legal/Export。​
以​下​法​律​信​息​涉​及​了​Fedora中​的​一​些​软​件​。​部​分​版​权​所​有 Copyright © 2002-2007 Charlie Poole，或​者​版​权​所​有 Copyright © 2002-2004 James W. Newkirk, Michael C. Two, Alexei A. Vorontsov，或​者​版​权​所​有 Copyright © 2000-2002 Philip A. Craig
本​文​档​中​附​加​法​律​信​息​和 Fedora 项​目​发​行​版​位​于 Fedora 项​目​网​页​：http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Legal

B. 修​订​历​史​

  • 13.0-1 Fri 19 Mar 2010 John McDonough
    从​Fedora wiki引​入​内​容​
  • 13.0-0 Wed 17 Mar 2010 Rüdiger Landmann
    清​理​Fedora 12内​容​，准​备​Fedora 13内​容​

索引

符号

反​​​馈​​​
本​​​手​​​册​​​的​​​联​​​系​​​人​​​，我​​​们​​​需​​​要​​​您​​​的​​​反​​​馈​​​！
显​示​驱​动​
第​三​方​，第​三​方​的​显​卡​驱​动​程​序​

E

Electronic Design Automation，电​子​设​计​自​动​化​
Embedded Development
Section，嵌​入​式​开​发​

F

Fedora Electronic Lab，电​子​设​计​自​动​化​

M

Multimedia
Section，多​媒​体​